Alternative Fuels in Cement Manufacturing | IntechOpen
#0183;#32;Cement production is an energyintensive process consuming thermal energy of the order of GJ/tonne of clinker produced. Electrical energy consumption is about 90 120 kWh/tonne of cement (Giddings, et al, 2000; European Commission [EC] 2001). Historically, the primary fuel used in cement industry is coal.